Initial commit: Portfolio Website

Vollständige Next.js 15 Portfolio-Website mit: - Blog-System mit 100+ Artikeln - Supabase-Integration - Responsive Design mit Tailwind CSS - TypeScript-Konfiguration - Testing-Setup mit Vitest und Playwright Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
2026-02-01 15:07:20 +01:00
commit e1bbe5455d
315 changed files with 94124 additions and 0 deletions
@@ -0,0 +1,629 @@
+# Matter & Thread: Smart Home Standards
+
+**Meta-Description:** Matter und Thread Protokolle für Smart Homes. Interoperabilität, Thread Border Router und Home Assistant Integration.
+
+**Keywords:** Matter, Thread, Smart Home, IoT Protocol, Border Router, CSA, Home Assistant, Zigbee
+
+---
+
+## Einführung
+
+**Matter** und **Thread** revolutionieren Smart Homes. Matter bietet Interoperabilität zwischen Apple, Google und Amazon. Thread liefert das energieeffiziente Mesh-Netzwerk. Zusammen die Zukunft vernetzter Häuser.
+
+---
+
+## Matter & Thread Overview
+
+```
+┌─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
+│            MATTER & THREAD ARCHITECTURE                      │
+├─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┤
+│                                                             │
+│  Application Layer:                                         │
+│  ┌─────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐  │
+│  │                    MATTER                            │  │
+│  │  (Unified Smart Home Protocol by CSA)               │  │
+│  │  - Device Types (Lights, Locks, Sensors, ...)       │  │
+│  │  - Secure Commissioning                             │  │
+│  │  - Local & Cloud Control                            │  │
+│  └─────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘  │
+│                           │                                 │
+│  Transport Layer:         │                                 │
+│  ┌────────────┬───────────┴───────────┬────────────┐      │
+│  │   WiFi     │       Thread          │  Ethernet  │      │
+│  │  (2.4GHz)  │   (Low-Power Mesh)    │            │      │
+│  └────────────┴───────────────────────┴────────────┘      │
+│                                                             │
+│  Thread Network:                                            │
+│  ┌─────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐  │
+│  │  ┌──────────┐      ┌──────────┐      ┌──────────┐ │  │
+│  │  │  Border  │──────│  Router  │──────│  Router  │ │  │
+│  │  │  Router  │      │  Device  │      │  Device  │ │  │
+│  │  └────┬─────┘      └────┬─────┘      └────┬─────┘ │  │
+│  │       │                 │                 │        │  │
+│  │  ┌────┴────┐      ┌────┴────┐      ┌────┴────┐   │  │
+│  │  │ Sleepy  │      │ Sleepy  │      │  Full   │   │  │
+│  │  │Endpoint │      │Endpoint │      │ Device  │   │  │
+│  │  └─────────┘      └─────────┘      └─────────┘   │  │
+│  └─────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘  │
+│                                                             │
+│  Device Types:                                              │
+│  - Full Thread Device: Always on, extends mesh             │
+│  - Sleepy End Device: Battery, wakes on demand             │
+│  - Border Router: Connects Thread to IP network            │
+│                                                             │
+└─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘
+```
+
+---
+
+## Matter Device Types
+
+```typescript
+// Unterstützte Matter Device Types
+const matterDeviceTypes = {
+  // Beleuchtung
+  onOffLight: 0x0100,
+  dimmableLight: 0x0101,
+  colorTemperatureLight: 0x010C,
+  extendedColorLight: 0x010D,
+
+  // Steckdosen & Schalter
+  onOffPluginUnit: 0x010A,
+  onOffLightSwitch: 0x0103,
+  dimmerSwitch: 0x0104,
+
+  // Sensoren
+  contactSensor: 0x0015,
+  lightSensor: 0x0106,
+  occupancySensor: 0x0107,
+  temperatureSensor: 0x0302,
+  humiditySensor: 0x0307,
+  flowSensor: 0x0306,
+
+  // Sicherheit
+  doorLock: 0x000A,
+  windowCovering: 0x0202,
+
+  // Klima
+  thermostat: 0x0301,
+  fan: 0x002B,
+  airQualitySensor: 0x002C,
+
+  // Media
+  basicVideoPlayer: 0x0028,
+  speaker: 0x0022,
+
+  // Sonstiges
+  bridge: 0x000E,
+  aggregator: 0x000F
+};
+```
+
+---
+
+## Thread Network Basics
+
+```typescript
+// Thread Network Concepts
+
+interface ThreadNetwork {
+  networkName: string;  // Max 16 Bytes
+  extendedPanId: string;  // 8 Bytes
+  panId: number;  // 16-bit
+  channel: number;  // 11-26 (2.4GHz)
+  networkKey: string;  // 128-bit AES key
+  meshLocalPrefix: string;  // IPv6 /64
+}
+
+interface ThreadDevice {
+  type: 'router' | 'end_device' | 'sleepy_end_device';
+  rloc16: number;  // 16-bit Router Locator
+  extAddress: string;  // 64-bit Extended Address
+  ipAddresses: string[];  // IPv6 Addresses
+  isLeader: boolean;
+  isBorderRouter: boolean;
+}
+
+// Thread 1.4 Features (ab 2026 required)
+const thread14Features = {
+  // Credential Sharing zwischen Border Routern
+  credentialSharing: true,
+
+  // Automatisches Network Joining
+  seamlessJoining: true,
+
+  // Improved Power Management
+  enhancedSleepMode: true,
+
+  // IPv6 Border Routing
+  borderRouting: true
+};
+```
+
+---
+
+## Home Assistant Matter Integration
+
+```yaml
+# configuration.yaml
+
+# Matter Integration aktivieren
+matter:
+
+# Thread Integration
+thread:
+
+# Companion App für Commissioning
+mobile_app:
+
+# Automatische Erkennung
+default_config:
+```
+
+```typescript
+// Matter Device via Home Assistant WebSocket API
+// lib/matter-ha-client.ts
+
+import WebSocket from 'ws';
+
+interface MatterDevice {
+  node_id: number;
+  date_commissioned: string;
+  last_interview: string;
+  interview_version: number;
+  available: boolean;
+  is_bridge: boolean;
+  device_info: {
+    vendor_id: number;
+    vendor_name: string;
+    product_id: number;
+    product_name: string;
+    node_label: string;
+    serial_number: string;
+    software_version: number;
+    hardware_version: number;
+  };
+}
+
+class MatterHAClient {
+  private ws: WebSocket;
+  private messageId = 1;
+
+  constructor(haUrl: string, token: string) {
+    this.ws = new WebSocket(haUrl);
+
+    this.ws.on('open', () => {
+      // Authentifizieren
+      this.ws.send(JSON.stringify({
+        type: 'auth',
+        access_token: token
+      }));
+    });
+  }
+
+  // Matter Devices abrufen
+  async getMatterNodes(): Promise<MatterDevice[]> {
+    return this.sendCommand({
+      type: 'matter/get_nodes'
+    });
+  }
+
+  // Neues Device commissionen
+  async commissionDevice(code: string): Promise<void> {
+    return this.sendCommand({
+      type: 'matter/commission',
+      code
+    });
+  }
+
+  // Device Interview (Capabilities abfragen)
+  async interviewNode(nodeId: number): Promise<void> {
+    return this.sendCommand({
+      type: 'matter/interview_node',
+      node_id: nodeId
+    });
+  }
+
+  // Device entfernen
+  async removeNode(nodeId: number): Promise<void> {
+    return this.sendCommand({
+      type: 'matter/remove_node',
+      node_id: nodeId
+    });
+  }
+
+  // Cluster Command senden
+  async sendClusterCommand(
+    nodeId: number,
+    endpoint: number,
+    cluster: string,
+    command: string,
+    payload: Record<string, any>
+  ): Promise<any> {
+    return this.sendCommand({
+      type: 'matter/send_command',
+      node_id: nodeId,
+      endpoint_id: endpoint,
+      cluster_id: cluster,
+      command: command,
+      payload
+    });
+  }
+
+  private sendCommand<T>(message: any): Promise<T> {
+    return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
+      const id = this.messageId++;
+
+      const handler = (data: WebSocket.RawData) => {
+        const response = JSON.parse(data.toString());
+
+        if (response.id === id) {
+          this.ws.off('message', handler);
+
+          if (response.success) {
+            resolve(response.result);
+          } else {
+            reject(new Error(response.error?.message));
+          }
+        }
+      };
+
+      this.ws.on('message', handler);
+      this.ws.send(JSON.stringify({ ...message, id }));
+    });
+  }
+}
+
+// Beispiel: Licht steuern
+const client = new MatterHAClient(
+  'ws://homeassistant.local:8123/api/websocket',
+  process.env.HA_TOKEN!
+);
+
+// OnOff Cluster Command
+await client.sendClusterCommand(
+  1,  // Node ID
+  1,  // Endpoint
+  'on_off',
+  'on',
+  {}
+);
+
+// Level Control
+await client.sendClusterCommand(
+  1,
+  1,
+  'level_control',
+  'move_to_level_with_on_off',
+  {
+    level: 128,  // 0-254
+    transition_time: 10  // 1/10 Sekunden
+  }
+);
+```
+
+---
+
+## Thread Border Router Setup
+
+```typescript
+// Thread Border Router mit OpenThread
+
+interface BorderRouterConfig {
+  networkName: string;
+  channel: number;
+  panId: number;
+  extPanId: string;
+  networkKey: string;
+}
+
+// OpenThread Border Router API
+class OTBRClient {
+  private baseUrl: string;
+
+  constructor(host: string, port: number = 8081) {
+    this.baseUrl = `http://${host}:${port}`;
+  }
+
+  // Network Status
+  async getNetworkStatus(): Promise<any> {
+    const response = await fetch(`${this.baseUrl}/node`);
+    return response.json();
+  }
+
+  // Dataset (Network Credentials)
+  async getActiveDataset(): Promise<any> {
+    const response = await fetch(`${this.baseUrl}/node/dataset/active`);
+    return response.json();
+  }
+
+  // Neues Netzwerk erstellen
+  async createNetwork(config: BorderRouterConfig): Promise<void> {
+    await fetch(`${this.baseUrl}/node/dataset/active`, {
+      method: 'PUT',
+      headers: { 'Content-Type': 'application/json' },
+      body: JSON.stringify({
+        NetworkName: config.networkName,
+        Channel: config.channel,
+        PanId: config.panId,
+        ExtPanId: config.extPanId,
+        NetworkKey: config.networkKey
+      })
+    });
+
+    // Thread Interface aktivieren
+    await fetch(`${this.baseUrl}/node/state`, {
+      method: 'PUT',
+      headers: { 'Content-Type': 'application/json' },
+      body: JSON.stringify({ State: 'enable' })
+    });
+  }
+
+  // Topology abrufen
+  async getTopology(): Promise<any> {
+    const response = await fetch(`${this.baseUrl}/diagnostics`);
+    return response.json();
+  }
+
+  // External Commissioning
+  async startCommissioner(pskd: string): Promise<void> {
+    await fetch(`${this.baseUrl}/commissioner/start`, {
+      method: 'POST',
+      headers: { 'Content-Type': 'application/json' },
+      body: JSON.stringify({ pskd })
+    });
+  }
+}
+```
+
+---
+
+## Matter Commissioning Flow
+
+```
+┌─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
+│              MATTER COMMISSIONING FLOW                       │
+├─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┤
+│                                                             │
+│  1. Device Discovery                                        │
+│     ├── QR Code / Manual Pairing Code                      │
+│     ├── BLE Advertisement (für WiFi Devices)               │
+│     └── mDNS Discovery (Thread/Ethernet)                   │
+│                                                             │
+│  2. PASE (Passcode-Authenticated Session)                  │
+│     ├── Secure Channel mit Pairing Code                    │
+│     └── SPAKE2+ Key Exchange                               │
+│                                                             │
+│  3. Certificate Installation                                │
+│     ├── Node Operational Certificate (NOC)                 │
+│     ├── Intermediate CA Certificate                         │
+│     └── Trusted Root Certificate                           │
+│                                                             │
+│  4. Network Provisioning                                    │
+│     ├── WiFi Credentials (für WiFi Devices)                │
+│     └── Thread Dataset (für Thread Devices)                │
+│                                                             │
+│  5. CASE (Certificate-Authenticated Session)               │
+│     ├── mTLS mit Operational Certificates                  │
+│     └── Secure Communication Channel                       │
+│                                                             │
+│  6. Device Interview                                        │
+│     ├── Supported Clusters & Attributes                    │
+│     └── Device Type & Capabilities                         │
+│                                                             │
+└─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘
+```
+
+```typescript
+// Matter QR Code Parsing
+function parseMatterQRCode(qrCode: string): MatterSetupPayload {
+  // Format: MT:Y3.13OTB00KA0648G00
+  const prefix = 'MT:';
+
+  if (!qrCode.startsWith(prefix)) {
+    throw new Error('Invalid Matter QR code');
+  }
+
+  const payload = qrCode.slice(prefix.length);
+
+  // Base38 Decode
+  const decoded = base38Decode(payload);
+
+  return {
+    version: (decoded >> 0) & 0x7,
+    vendorId: (decoded >> 3) & 0xFFFF,
+    productId: (decoded >> 19) & 0xFFFF,
+    customFlow: (decoded >> 35) & 0x3,
+    discoveryCapabilities: (decoded >> 37) & 0xFF,
+    discriminator: (decoded >> 45) & 0xFFF,
+    passcode: (decoded >> 57) & 0x7FFFFFF
+  };
+}
+
+interface MatterSetupPayload {
+  version: number;
+  vendorId: number;
+  productId: number;
+  customFlow: number;
+  discoveryCapabilities: number;
+  discriminator: number;
+  passcode: number;
+}
+```
+
+---
+
+## Thread vs Zigbee vs WiFi
+
+| Feature | Thread | Zigbee | WiFi |
+|---------|--------|--------|------|
+| **Protocol** | IPv6 native | Custom | IPv4/IPv6 |
+| **Mesh** | Ja | Ja | Nein |
+| **Power** | Sehr niedrig | Sehr niedrig | Hoch |
+| **Range** | 10-30m | 10-30m | 30-100m |
+| **Bandwidth** | 250 kbps | 250 kbps | 100+ Mbps |
+| **Devices/Network** | 250+ | 65.000 | ~250 |
+| **Matter Support** | Native | Via Bridge | Native |
+| **Battery Life** | Jahre | Jahre | Tage-Wochen |
+| **Frequency** | 2.4 GHz | 2.4 GHz | 2.4/5 GHz |
+
+---
+
+## Thread Credential Sharing (1.4)
+
+```typescript
+// Thread 1.4: Automatic Credential Sharing
+
+interface ThreadCredentials {
+  networkName: string;
+  extendedPanId: string;
+  networkKey: string;
+  pskc: string;  // Pre-Shared Key for Commissioner
+  channel: number;
+  panId: number;
+  meshLocalPrefix: string;
+  securityPolicy: {
+    rotationTime: number;
+    flags: number;
+  };
+}
+
+// Border Router synchronisiert Credentials automatisch
+// Kein manuelles Übertragen mehr nötig
+
+class ThreadNetworkManager {
+  private credentials: ThreadCredentials | null = null;
+
+  // Neuer Border Router joint existierendes Netzwerk
+  async joinExistingNetwork(borderRouterId: string): Promise<void> {
+    // Thread 1.4: Credentials werden automatisch geteilt
+    // Kein Setup von mehreren Border Routern mehr nötig
+
+    const existingRouters = await this.discoverBorderRouters();
+
+    if (existingRouters.length > 0) {
+      // Request Credentials vom existierenden Router
+      this.credentials = await this.requestCredentials(
+        existingRouters[0]
+      );
+
+      console.log('Joined existing Thread network');
+    } else {
+      // Neues Netzwerk erstellen
+      this.credentials = this.generateNewCredentials();
+      console.log('Created new Thread network');
+    }
+  }
+
+  private async discoverBorderRouters(): Promise<string[]> {
+    // mDNS Discovery für _meshcop._udp
+    // ...
+    return [];
+  }
+
+  private async requestCredentials(routerId: string): Promise<ThreadCredentials> {
+    // Secure request via TLS
+    // ...
+    throw new Error('Not implemented');
+  }
+
+  private generateNewCredentials(): ThreadCredentials {
+    return {
+      networkName: `ThreadNetwork-${randomHex(4)}`,
+      extendedPanId: randomHex(16),
+      networkKey: randomHex(32),
+      pskc: randomHex(32),
+      channel: 15 + Math.floor(Math.random() * 11),  // 15-26
+      panId: Math.floor(Math.random() * 0xFFFF),
+      meshLocalPrefix: 'fd00::/64',
+      securityPolicy: {
+        rotationTime: 672,  // Stunden
+        flags: 0xF8
+      }
+    };
+  }
+}
+
+function randomHex(bytes: number): string {
+  const array = new Uint8Array(bytes);
+  crypto.getRandomValues(array);
+  return Array.from(array)
+    .map(b => b.toString(16).padStart(2, '0'))
+    .join('');
+}
+```
+
+---
+
+## Multi-Admin (Fabric)
+
+```typescript
+// Matter Multi-Admin: Device in mehreren Ökosystemen
+
+interface Fabric {
+  fabricId: bigint;
+  vendorId: number;
+  rootPublicKey: string;
+  label: string;
+}
+
+// Ein Matter Device kann bis zu 5 Fabrics unterstützen
+const maxFabrics = 5;
+
+// Beispiel: Gleiche Lampe in Apple Home, Google Home und Home Assistant
+const deviceFabrics: Fabric[] = [
+  {
+    fabricId: 1n,
+    vendorId: 0x1234,  // Apple
+    rootPublicKey: '...',
+    label: 'Apple Home'
+  },
+  {
+    fabricId: 2n,
+    vendorId: 0x5678,  // Google
+    rootPublicKey: '...',
+    label: 'Google Home'
+  },
+  {
+    fabricId: 3n,
+    vendorId: 0x9ABC,  // Home Assistant
+    rootPublicKey: '...',
+    label: 'Home Assistant'
+  }
+];
+
+// Alle Controller können das Gerät steuern
+// Kein "Walled Garden" mehr!
+```
+
+---
+
+## Fazit
+
+Matter & Thread bieten:
+
+1. **Interoperabilität**: Apple, Google, Amazon, Samsung
+2. **Lokale Kontrolle**: Kein Cloud-Zwang
+3. **Mesh Networking**: Zuverlässige Abdeckung
+4. **Multi-Admin**: Ein Gerät, viele Ökosysteme
+
+Die Zukunft des Smart Homes ist offen.
+
+---
+
+## Bildprompts
+
+1. "Smart home devices connected via Thread mesh network, interoperability"
+2. "Matter logo with connected ecosystems, Apple Google Amazon unified"
+3. "Thread border router connecting mesh to home network, IoT gateway"
+
+---
+
+## Quellen
+
+- [Matter Standard 2026 Review](https://matter-smarthome.de/en/development/the-matter-standard-in-2026-a-status-review/)
+- [Home Assistant Matter Integration](https://www.home-assistant.io/integrations/matter/)
+- [Thread Protocol Overview](https://www.home-assistant.io/integrations/thread/)
+- [CSA Matter Specification](https://csa-iot.org/all-solutions/matter/)
+- [Qorvo Thread/WiFi Guide](https://www.qorvo.com/design-hub/blog/simplifying-smart-homes-learn-how-matter-thread-and-wi-fi-are-revolutionizing-iot-connectivity)